A quartz sand filter tank is a pressure-driven or gravity-driven depth filtration device with quartz sand as the core filter medium. It is mainly used to remove large-particle impurities such as suspended solids, colloidal particles, sediment, and rust from fluids, reducing water turbidity.

Featuring a compact structure, stable operation, and low maintenance costs, this equipment serves as the core pre-treatment device in water treatment systems. It is widely connected to advanced treatment processes such as ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis, and ion exchange. It can effectively protect subsequent precision equipment from clogging or wear caused by particulate impurities, thereby improving the operational efficiency and service life of the entire water treatment system.

Tank materials can be selected as carbon steel lined with rubber/epoxy, 304/316L stainless steel, or FRP (Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic) according to working condition requirements, adapting to raw water, circulating water, and wastewater treatment needs in municipal, industrial, civil, and other scenarios.

Overview of the Core Principle

The core working principle of a quartz sand filter tank is the synergistic effect of depth interception and filter cake filtration, specifically divided into two stages:

1.Depth Interception Stage: Quartz sand filter media is filled in a "coarse upper and fine lower" gradation, forming a multi-layer three-dimensional pore structure. When the water to be treated penetrates the filter media layer from top to bottom, impurities larger than the pores of the filter media are gradually intercepted by pores at different depths; impurities with similar particle sizes adhere to the surface of the filter media through inertial collision, contact flocculation, and other effects, achieving preliminary purification.

2.Filter Cake Filtration Stage: As the operation time extends, the impurities intercepted on the surface of the filter media will gradually form a dense filter cake layer. This filter cake layer can further intercept tiny suspended solids in the water, continuously reducing the effluent turbidity and improving the filtration accuracy.

3.When the filter layer resistance reaches the set threshold (usually based on an inlet-outlet pressure difference of 0.05-0.1MPa), the backwashing process needs to be activated: through reverse water inflow or air-water combined backwashing, the filter media layer expands and loosens, the intercepted impurities are carried out of the tank by the water flow, and the filter media recovers its filtration performance for cyclic use.

Product Introduction

Quartz sand filter tanks can be divided into three categories according to their structural forms and degree of automation. The specific parameters and characteristics are as follows:
Gravity-Type Quartz Sand Filter Tank
Structural Features: No closed pressure design, relying on gravity for water filtration without additional pressure equipment; built-in siphon backwashing device to achieve hydraulic automatic backwashing.
Core Parameters: Filtration rate 8-12m/h, filtration accuracy 10-50μm, single-tank treatment capacity 5-500m³/h.
Application Scenarios: Small and medium-sized tap water plants, rural safe drinking water projects, swimming pool water circulation treatment.

Pressure-Type Quartz Sand Filter Tank
Structural Features: Closed tank design with a pressure-bearing capacity of 0.6-2.5MPa; adopts porous plate + water cap for water distribution/collection, ensuring high water distribution uniformity; supports manual or semi-automatic backwashing.
Core Parameters: Filtration rate 10-15m/h, filtration accuracy 5-20μm, single-tank treatment capacity 10-1000m³/h.
Application Scenarios: Industrial circulating water pretreatment, reverse osmosis/ultrafiltration pre-filtration, municipal reclaimed water reuse.

Intelligent Quartz Sand Filter Tank
Structural Features: Integrates differential pressure sensor, PLC control system, and electric valve; can automatically trigger backwashing according to the inlet-outlet pressure difference, supporting remote monitoring and parameter adjustment; optional air-water combined backwashing function, increasing backwashing efficiency by 30%.
Core Parameters: Filtration rate 10-18m/h, filtration accuracy 5-10μm, single-tank treatment capacity 20-2000m³/h.
Application Scenarios: Large chemical park wastewater treatment, ultrapure water pretreatment in the electronics industry, thermal power boiler make-up water treatment.

Selection Reference Table

Model Type	Filtration Accuracy (μm)	Design Filtration Rate (m/h)	Pressure Rating (MPa)	Tank Material	Single-Tank Treatment Capacity (m³/h)	Key Selection Parameters	Adaptable Working Conditions
Gravity-Type GL Series	10-50	8-12	Atmospheric Pressure	FRP / Carbon Steel with Anti-Corrosion	5-500	Influent turbidity, effluent turbidity requirements	Municipal water supply, swimming pool filtration
Pressure-Type YL Series	5-20	10-15	0.6-1.0	304 Stainless Steel / Carbon Steel Lined with Rubber	10-1000	Influent pressure, peak flow rate	Industrial circulating water, RO pre-filtration
Pressure-Type YL-H Series	5-20	10-15	1.6-2.5	316L Stainless Steel / Carbon Steel with Epoxy Coating	10-1000	Fluid corrosiveness, temperature	Chemical wastewater, seawater desalination pretreatment
Intelligent ZN Series	5-10	10-18	0.6-2.5	304/316L Stainless Steel	20-2000	Automation requirements, remote control	Large-scale water treatment projects, electronic ultrapure water

Application Scenarios

As a universal pre-treatment equipment, quartz sand filter tanks cover multiple fields such as municipal administration, industry, and civil use:

1. Municipal Water Supply Field

Used for raw water filtration in tap water plants to remove sediment, algae, and colloids from raw water, reducing the effluent turbidity to below 3NTU and meeting the requirements of the "Sanitary Standards for Drinking Water" (GB 5749-2022); suitable for rural safe drinking water projects to solve the problem of turbid water quality in decentralized water supply.

2. Industrial Water Treatment Field

Circulating Water Systems: Side filtration of circulating water in cooling towers of iron and steel, chemical, and power industries to remove suspended solids and corrosion products in the system, reducing the risk of heat exchanger clogging and improving heat exchange efficiency;

Advanced Treatment Pre-Stage: RO/UF pre-filtration for ultrapure water preparation in the electronics and pharmaceutical industries, controlling the influent SDI (Silt Density Index) below 5 to ensure the service life of membrane modules;

Wastewater Treatment: Pre-treatment of printing and dyeing, papermaking, and mineral processing wastewater to remove suspended solids and partial chroma from wastewater, reducing the load of subsequent biochemical treatment.

3. Civil and Commercial Fields

Water circulation filtration in swimming pools and hot spring resorts to remove impurities such as hair and sediment from water; filtration of cooling water in central air conditioners of hotels and office buildings to ensure the stable operation of air conditioning systems.

Product Features and Advantages

1. Core Product Features

Feature	Specific Description
High Cost-Performance of Filter Media	Quartz sand filter media has abundant reserves and low price, with a service life of 1-2 years and low replacement cost; can be combined with anthracite to form dual-layer filter media according to needs, improving pollution capacity
Stable and Reliable Operation	Simple structure, no precision vulnerable parts, low failure rate; gravity-type can achieve unattended operation
Convenient Maintenance and Operation	Simple backwashing process: manual type only requires valve switching, while intelligent type completes automatically; filter media replacement does not require professional tools and can be operated on-site
Strong Adaptability	Tank material, size, and filtration rate can be customized according to working conditions; supports parallel/series combination to meet different treatment capacity requirements
Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection	No chemical dosing, no secondary pollution; the backwashing water consumption of intelligent type is only 2%-5% of the treated water volume, much lower than traditional equipment

2. Practical Application Effects

Water Quality Purification Effect

The removal rate of suspended solids (SS) reaches 85%-95%; when the influent turbidity is ≤50NTU, the effluent turbidity can be stably reduced to 1-3NTU; effectively reduces the water SDI value to meet the influent requirements of membrane separation equipment, extending the service life of membrane modules by 2-3 times.

Equipment Protection Effect

Intercepts large-particle impurities, avoiding wear or clogging of subsequent equipment such as pumps, heat exchangers, and membrane modules, reducing the equipment failure rate by more than 80%, and decreasing maintenance frequency and costs.

Economic Operation Effect

Long filter media replacement cycle, with annual maintenance costs accounting for only 2%-5% of the total equipment price; intelligent equipment can save more than 60% of labor costs and achieve a backwashing water saving rate of 50%.

Engineering Adaptability Effect

Modular design, short installation cycle, and can be quickly integrated into existing water treatment systems; small footprint, suitable for renovation projects with limited space.

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